The earth.

Lesson 6.

 The earth

Objective: To learn the parts of the Earth and its layers.

Keywords: drought, equator, erosion, ocean, mantle, axis, ozone, rotation, terrain

Vocabulary

N°	English	Spanish
1	Earth	Tierra
2	Sun	Sol
3	Atmosphere	Atmósfera
4	Surface	Superficie
5	Rocky	Rocoso
6	Terrestrial	Terrestre
7	Motion	Movimiento
8	Translation	Traslación
9	Driven by	Impulsado por
10	Rotation	Rotación
11	Determinate	Determinar
12	Length	Largo
13	Solar system	Sistema solar
14	Layers	Capas
15	Made up	Componer
16	Physical	Físico
17	Geosphere	Geosfera
18	Core	Centro
19	Crust	Corteza
20	Innermost	Interior
21	Metals	Metales
22	Thickest	Más grueso
23	Outermost	Más externo
24	Bottom	Fondo
25	Quarters	Cuarto
26	Hydrosphere	Hidrosfera
27	Troposphere,	Troposfera
28	Ozone	Ozono
29	Stratosphere	Estratosfera
30	Mantle	Manto
31	hottest	Más caliente

Lesson plan n°6 – English version

Lesson plan n°6 – Spanish version

Let's learn about the earth

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and it is our home; it is the only planet known to have an atmosphere containing free oxygen, oceans of water on its surface and, of course, life. Earth is a rocky and terrestrial planet. It has a solid and active surface.

Earth was formed more than 4.5 billion years ago and has been changing ever 

The Earth is in constant motion and has two movements. The first is translation, the translational motion of the Earth moves around the Sun, driven by gravitation, in 365 days, 5 hours and 57 minutes.

The second one is rotation, this is the one in which the Earth rotates on itself causes day and night and lasts exactly 24 hours, the same as a day.

These movements determine the length of days and years and it moves with the rest of the planets and bodies of the Solar System, rotating around the center of our galaxy.     

Now, let’s learn about: The layers of the Earth

The Earth is made up of three physical elements:

·       The geosphere: this is the solid element and is divided into three layers: the core, the mantle, and the crust    

The core: It is the innermost layer of the earth. It is made up of metals and its temperature is very high.

The mantle: It is the thickest layer in the geosphere and is between the crust and the core.

The crust: It is the outermost layer of the geosphere. It is composed of rocks and in it are the continents, islands and the bottom of the oceans and seas.

·         The hydrosphere: this is the liquid element and it is the set of all the water that exists on Earth and occupies three quarters of the earth's surface.

 

·         The atmosphere: This is the gaseous element and it is the layer of air that covers the Earth and is made up of a mixture of gases and water vapor. The atmosphere is divided into two layers.

 The troposphere, which is the closest to the earth.

The stratosphere, which is where the ozone layer is located and is the layer furthest from the earth.

Since you already know about the earth and its layers it is already clear, you can carry out the following activities in order to put into practice what you have learned.

      Let's watch the following video

Let's practice!

Activity n°1

Complete the sentences with these words.            

                Activity n°2

What is the Earth made of? Put the correct names of the layer of the earth.

                 

                 Activity n°3

Movements of the Earth. Choose the correct option.

                  Activity n°4

Relate the images with the words.

Parts of the earth and its layers.

Lesson 7

Parts of the Earth

and its layers

Objective: To learn the parts of the Earth and its layers.

Keywords: Geosphere, asthenosphere, earth's crust, earth's mantle, core of the earth and lithosphere- biosphere and hydrosphere, the outer layers of the planet, the atmosphere -the exosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere and troposphere.

Vocabulary

Nº	English	Spanish
1	Atmosphere	Atmósfera
2	Among	Mediante
3	Above	Debajo
4	Across	Horizontal
5	Answer	Respuesta
6	Avowing	Evitando
7	Biosphere	Biósfera
8	Before	Antes
9	Beings	Seres
10	Below	A continuación
11	Beginning	Comienzo
12	Block sheets	Hojas de block
13	Constant	Constantes
14	Core	Núcleo
15	Collisions	Colisiones
16	Composition	Composición
17	Complete	Completar
18	Concepts	Conceptos
19	Concentric	Concéntrico
20	Called	Llamado
21	Cooling	Enfriamiento
22	Cycle	Ciclo
23	Circulating	Circula
24	Condense	Condensacion
25	Coral reef	Arrecife de coral
26	Cooled	Enfriado
27	Condensation	Condensación
28	Collection	Colección
29	Chemicals	Químicos
30	Charged particles	Partículas cargadas
31	Cardboard	Cartulina
32	Dense	Denso
33	Depth	Profundo
34	Definition	Definición
35	Earth	Tierra
36	Draw	Dibujar
37	Down	Vertical
38	Explain	Explicar
39	Earth's crust	Corteza terrestre
40	Emerged	Surgido
41	Evaporation	Evaporación
42	Emitted	Emitían
43	Emanating	Emanando
44	Functions	Funciones
45	Finished	Terminó
46	Geosphere	Geósfera
47	Generated	Generó
48	Ground	Suelo
49	Generated	Generado
50	Groundwater	Aguas subterráneas
51	Geomagnetic	Geomagnético
52	Hydrosphere	Hidrósfera
53	High	Alta
54	Hot	Caliente
55	Hail	Granizo
56	Harmful	Perjudicial
57	Iron	Hierro
58	Inner	interna
59	known	Conocido
60	Lithosphere	Litósfera
61	Landforms	Formas terrenales
62	Layers	Capas
63	Live	Vivir
64	Lighter	Más ligero
65	Leaves	Hojas
66	Lakes	Lagos
67	Magnetosphere	Magnetósfera
68	Made up	Compuesto/ Formado
69	Matter	Materia
70	Mantle	Manto
71	Molten	Fundida
72	Magma	Magma
73	Microbes	Microbios
74	Magnetic field	Campo magnético
75	Nickel	Níquel
76	Our	Nuestro
77	Origin	Origen
78	Outermost	Más exterior
79	Precipitation	Precipitación
80	Phase	Fase
81	Place	Lugar
82	Puddles	Charcos
83	Pollution	Contaminación
84	Perceive	Percibir
85	Phenomena	Fenómeno
86	Rocks	Piedras
87	Rose	Subió
88	Representative	Representativo
89	Roots	Raices
90	Releases	Libera
91	Reusing	Reusar
92	Renewing	Renovar
93	Recycling	Reciclar
94	Streams	Arroyos
95	Storms	Tormenta
96	Seas	Mares
97	Sank	Hundió
98	Solar system	Sistema solar
99	Support	Sustentar
100	Solid	Sólido
101	Surface	Superficie
102	Snow	Nieve
103	Sleet	Nieve mojada
104	Soil	Suelo
105	Stem	Vapor
106	State	Estado
107	Stream	Corriente
108	Surround us	Nos rodea
109	Through	A través
110	Thickest	Más Gruesa
111	Thin	Delgado
112	Try	Tratar
113	Until	Hasta
114	Volcanoes	Volcanes
115	Water	Agua
116	Waterfalls	Cascadas
117	Wind	Viento
118	Way	Manera
119	Workshop	Taller
120	When	Cuándo

Lesson plan n°7 – English version

Lesson plan n°7 – Spanish version  

Hi guys!

Welcome to your natural sciences class!

In this section you’re going to learn about " 

the parts of the earth and its layers such as: 

the geosphere, the hydrosphere, the biosphere, 

the magnetosphere and the atmosphere.

Remember that the earth is the planet we live on, the third of eight planets in our solar system and the only known place in the universe to support life. It is composed of five layers that you can know below.

The Geosphere

The Geosphere is the solid inner part of the earth; that is to say the rocks, minerals, and landforms of the surface and interior.

The geosphere was generated

from the earth formation, 

4.6 billion years ago, when the initial 

temperature of the planet 

was extremely high.

The geosphere is made up 

of three concentric layers, called: 

the core, the mantle, and 

the earth’s crust.

The dense materials sank in the

 center, forming a

                   core rich in iron and nickel.

The lighter magma rose to the surface,

                                               forming the thickest layer on Earth

                                               called the mantle.

 Eventually, the outermost

magma cooled to form 

the thin layer that we call,

                                                      the earth's crust. 

The Hydrosphere

The Hydrosphere is the totality of the water of our planet; including the groundwater, surface water and the vapor of water circulating through the air.

The origin of the hydrosphere 

is due to at the beginning, the 

earth was extremely hot and 

the volcanoes emitted gases

 among which was water vapor.

It was just as the oceans formed, where the first form of aquatic life emerged millions of years later.

The water is constantly moving in the atmosphere and the surface of the earth and its state (solid, liquid or gas) can change…

This is known as the water cycle, which consists of four components such as: precipitation, collection, evaporation and condensation.

Precipitation occurs when the cloud’s

waterfalls on the grounds as rain,

snow, sleet or hail. 

Collection occurs when the roots in the soil

attract the water of the plant through

the stem; and then, the plant uses it for its

metabolic processes until it releases part

of it as a vapor through the leaves.

Evaporation occurs when the liquid

 water from ocean surfaces,

rivers, lakes, streams, seas

and puddles turns to steam. 

Condensation occurs when water

in a solid state (ice) is transformed                  

into a liquid state.

The Biosphere

In the biosphere we find the living beings; all the microbes, plants and animals are somewhere in this earth’s layer.

The biosphere is formed for 

the layers of the earth. The layer 

of the solid surface is the lithosphere, 

the atmosphere is the layer of the air which… 

extends above the lithosphere 

and the water of the earth, 

which can be found in the surface, 

on the ground or in the air, 

forms the hydrosphere.

The biosphere is everything that surround us; for example: the oceans, the continents, a coral reef, a home garden, etc.

It is important to protect the biosphere

 avowing the use of harmful chemicals,

the deforestation, the pollution, etc.

and a way to do it is recycling,

reusing and renewing.

The Magnetosphere

The magnetosphere is the magnetic field that extends from the interior of the earth into the space, where it meets the solar wind (a stream of charged particles emanating from the Sun).

The origin of the magnetosphere is 

due to the depth of the earth’s solid

iron core, which is as hot as the sun. 

The magnetic field protects the earth from the damage caused by the solar wind, a stream of energy-charged particles emanating from the Sun.

Thanks to the earth's magnetic field, we can only perceive the solar wind through phenomena such as: the aurora and geomagnetic storms.

       Let's watch the following video

Let's practice!

Activity 1

Complete the next information.

                        Activity 2

Solve the next crossword puzzle according to the concepts to the water cycle.

Printed version activities